← Back
BuildNYC
Other college and university
Wallach Hall
545 WEST 114TH STREET · Morningside Heights · BIN 1082692
💬 Discuss this project
1912Year Built
14Stories
W6Building Class
R8Zoning
1,670,868 sfGross Floor Area
1Units
LL97 CoveredRent Stabilized31 Active Violations 30 unresolved · 1 paperwork only ▸FISP: SAFE
Other college and university · 398,094 sf lot · 4.2 FAR built · Flood zone X
Locations of Work
ArchitectureStructuralMechanicalFire ProtectionEquipmentGeneral
Names shown beside floors are taken automatically from the text of filed documents and may be incomplete or wrong.
Whole building & multi-floor projectsColumbia University Main Campus3 filings
Floor 1Columbia University Main Campus3 filings
CellarColumbia University Main Campus1 filing · 5 docs
Sub-BasementColumbia University Main Campus1 filing · 8 docs
Site & exteriorColumbia University Main Campus4 filings · 6 docs
▾Owner History (Filing Record)
Companies and organizations named on filings. Individual owners are not shown.
OwnerFilingsMost Recent
Columbia University7607/08/2026
▾Design Consultants (Architect / Engineer of Record)
FirmFilingsMost Recent
Lizardos Engineering308/05/2024
Ashraf106/01/2023
FL&M Engineering Design & Inspection112/08/2022
CES Engineering308/03/2022
Robert Dructor104/08/2022
Desai Chia Architecture110/29/2021
Richard W Lefever, P.E105/17/2021
Paul Perdek, Prof. Engineering106/04/2020
Dooling & Company Architects105/24/2019
▾Filing Representatives (Expediters)
RepresentativeFilingsMost Recent
Rigid Structural Design103/21/2026
Dennis Kim303/21/2026
Green Studio203/21/2026
Green Light Expediting203/21/2026
AE Design Solution403/21/2026
▾Contractors (License-Anchored)
FirmTradeRolesMost Recent
Richter & Ratner ContractingGeneral Contractor603/21/2026
Spring ScaffoldingScaffold507/08/2026
Platinum Services NYScaffold303/21/2026
Matros Automated ElectricalElectrical203/22/2026
Plaza ConstructionGeneral Contractor207/08/2026
Pace PlumbingPlumbing203/22/2026
Par Plumbing Co., Inc.oFire Protection103/21/2026
Franco RemodelingGeneral Contractor107/08/2026
Pace PlumbingFire Protection107/08/2026
Sirina Fire ProtectionFire Protection107/08/2026
Nash Electric ServicesElectrical103/22/2026
Illuminous ElectricElectrical103/21/2026
Tri Borough ScaffoldingScaffold107/08/2026
R.C.M. ElectricElectrical103/21/2026
▾Special Inspection Agencies
AgencyLicense #FilingsMost Recent
Cole Technologies/Control1290308/05/2024
Crosscheck Inspection Services544308/03/2022
Building Lifecycle
All (130)Filed (13)Permit Issued (13)Signed Off (10)Facade (FISP) (15)Violation (60)Inspection (5)Special Inspection (14)
05/07/2026
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
06/12/2025
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
08/19/2024
Signed off — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00690274-I1
08/09/2024
Signed off — Alteration
M00690325-I1
08/08/2024
Special inspection requirement — Fire-Resistant Penetrations and Joints
GEORGE ANDERSEN
08/08/2024
Special inspection requirement — Sprinkler Systems
GEORGE ANDERSEN
08/05/2024
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00690274-P2
04/16/2024
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
10/30/2023
Cycle 9 facade report submitted
10/13/2023
Cycle 9 facade report signed — SAFE
10/09/2023
Cycle 9 facade inspection completed
09/26/2023
Signed off — Alteration
INSTALLATION OF 300PSF SIDEWALK SHED AS PER PLANS. ALL EQUIPMENT SHALL COMPLY WITH CHAPTER #33 OF THE NYC BUILDING CODE 2022. NO CHANGE IN USE, OCCUPANCY, OR EGRESS UNDER THIS APPLICATION.
M00878309-I1
06/02/2023
Permit issued — Sidewalk Shed
M00878309-I1-SH
06/01/2023
Filed — Alteration
INSTALLATION OF 300PSF SIDEWALK SHED AS PER PLANS. ALL EQUIPMENT SHALL COMPLY WITH CHAPTER #33 OF THE NYC BUILDING CODE 2022. NO CHANGE IN USE, OCCUPANCY, OR EGRESS UNDER THIS APPLICATION.
M00878309-I1
05/17/2023
Permit issued — General Construction
M00690325-I1-GC
05/17/2023
Inspection — Certified Sprinkler-SP-Fixtures-Finish
Certified
View inspection ↗
05/08/2023
Inspection — Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic Test
Certified
View inspection ↗
05/04/2023
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00690274-P1
04/06/2023
Signed off — Alteration
M08050931-I1
03/29/2023
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
12/08/2022
Filed — Alteration
M08050931-I1
12/08/2022
Permit issued — Sidewalk Shed
M08050931-I1-SH
10/05/2022
Signed off — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00562012-I1
08/10/2022
Inspection — Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic Test
Certified
View inspection ↗
08/03/2022
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00562012-P1
08/03/2022
Special inspection requirement — Fire-Resistant Penetrations and Joints
EUGENE BIFULCO
08/03/2022
Special inspection requirement — Sprinkler Systems
EUGENE BIFULCO
06/24/2022
Signed off — Alteration
Modification to existing HVAC system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00561495-I1
06/16/2022
Special inspection requirement — Sprinkler Systems
GEORGE ANDERSEN
06/16/2022
Special inspection requirement — Fire-Resistant Penetrations and Joints
GEORGE ANDERSEN
05/20/2022
Permit issued — Sprinklers
M00690274-I1-EW-SP
05/20/2022
Permit issued — General Construction
M00690325-I1-GC
05/18/2022
Special inspection requirement — Fire-Resistant Penetrations and Joints
EUGENE BIFULCO
05/18/2022
Special inspection requirement — Sprinkler Systems
EUGENE BIFULCO
05/09/2022
Inspection — Certified Sprinkler-SP-Fixtures-Finish
Certified
View inspection ↗
05/03/2022
Inspection — Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic Test
Certified
View inspection ↗
04/26/2022
Signed off — Alteration
Removal and installation of interior non bearing partitions and related finishes as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00561471-I1
04/08/2022
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00690274-I1
04/08/2022
Filed — Alteration
M00690325-I1
03/29/2022
Permit issued — Mechanical Systems
M00561495-I1-MS
03/08/2022
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
03/02/2022
Special inspection requirement — Final
ROBERT DRUCTOR
01/20/2022
Permit issued — Sprinklers
M00562012-I1-EW-SP
01/10/2022
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing Sprinkler system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00562012-I1
12/22/2021
Filed — Alteration
Modification to existing HVAC system as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00561495-I1
12/20/2021
Permit issued — General Construction
M00561471-I1-GC
11/08/2021
Permit issued — General Construction
M00561471-I1-GC
10/29/2021
Filed — Alteration
Removal and installation of interior non bearing partitions and related finishes as per plans filed herewith. No change in use, egress or occupancy under this application.
M00561471-I1
10/28/2021
Signed off — Alteration
Filing to repair, replace, patch facade surfaces of the Wallach Building as per plans. No change in use, egress, or occupancy under this application.
M00522269-I1
10/15/2021
Special inspection requirement — Fire-Resistant Penetrations and Joints
EUGENE BIFULCO
07/20/2021
Special inspection requirement — Final
Peter Votto
07/20/2021
Special inspection requirement — Mechanical Systems
EUGENE BIFULCO
07/20/2021
Special inspection requirement — Final
KATHERINE CHIA
06/23/2021
Permit issued — General Construction
M00522269-I1-GC
05/17/2021
Filed — Alteration
Filing to repair, replace, patch facade surfaces of the Wallach Building as per plans. No change in use, egress, or occupancy under this application.
M00522269-I1
04/16/2021
Violation issued (HPD, open)
A
10/23/2020
Cycle 9 facade report submitted
10/21/2020
Cycle 9 facade report signed — SWARMP
10/15/2020
Cycle 9 facade inspection completed
08/25/2020
Signed off — Alteration
INSTALLATION OF TEMPORARY SIDEWALK SHED AS PER PLANS. NO CHANGE IN USE, EGRESS OR OCCUPANCY.
M00352570-I1
Latest 60 of 130 events.
Permit / Filing Register
SourceWork TypeStatusApplicantIssued
DOB NOWSidewalk ShedSigned-offPlatinum Services NY06/02/2023
DOB NOWGeneral ConstructionSigned-offPlaza Construction05/17/2023
DOB NOWSidewalk ShedSigned-offTri Borough Scaffolding12/08/2022
DOB NOWSprinklersSigned-offManengeering Bureau05/20/2022
DOB NOWGeneral ConstructionSigned-offPlaza Construction05/20/2022
DOB NOWMechanical SystemsSigned-offRichter & Ratner Contracting03/29/2022
DOB NOWSprinklersSigned-offSirina Fire Protection01/20/2022
DOB NOWGeneral ConstructionSigned-offRichter & Ratner Contracting12/20/2021
DOB NOWGeneral ConstructionSigned-offRichter & Ratner Contracting11/08/2021
DOB NOWGeneral ConstructionSigned-offFranco Remodeling06/23/2021
DOB NOWSidewalk ShedSigned-offSpring Scaffolding06/08/2020
DOB NOWSidewalk ShedSigned-offSpring Scaffolding12/20/2019
DOB NOWSidewalk ShedSigned-offSpring Scaffolding05/24/2019
BISPLISSUEDPace Plumbing12/02/2021
BISPLISSUEDPace Plumbing10/01/2020
BISOTISSUEDKing Rose of NY06/15/2020
BISOTISSUEDThe Grenadier05/29/2020
BISSPISSUEDSKH Mechanical06/25/2019
BISOTISSUEDSkyline Restoration06/24/2019
BISPLISSUEDPace Plumbing06/12/2019
BISMHISSUEDKing Rose of NY06/04/2019
BISOTISSUEDKing Rose of NY06/04/2019
BISPLISSUEDIpex Plumbing and Heating05/24/2018
BISSPISSUEDIpex Plumbing and Heating05/24/2018
BISMHISSUEDKing Rose of NY05/11/2018
BISOTISSUEDKing Rose of NY05/11/2018
BISSPISSUEDFull Capacity Fire06/23/2017
BISPLISSUEDLCS Plumbing & Consulting06/21/2017
BISMHISSUEDKing Rose of NY06/07/2017
BISOTISSUEDKing Rose of NY06/07/2017
BISPLISSUEDC James Plumbing & Heating10/13/2015
BISOTISSUEDBita07/13/2015
BISPLISSUEDCloverdale Master P&H09/25/2014
BISOTISSUEDColumbia University07/28/2014
BISOTISSUEDIdeal Roofing & Sheet Me07/09/2014
BISEQISSUEDRockledge Scaffold05/09/2014
BISEQISSUEDScaffold Distributors of02/06/2014
BISOTISSUEDAlcatel-Lucent USA09/16/2013
BISPLISSUEDAbsolute Plumbing & Heating07/16/2012
BISOTISSUEDColumbia University06/27/2012
+ 23 more permits on file
10 projects · most recent 08/09/2023
General Wiring
FiledStatusContractorScope
08/09/2023Permit IssuedRobert Chimenti11 meters, 1 new_meters
05/23/2023CompleteIlluminous ElectricGeneral Wiring
12/29/2022CompleteNash Electric Services—
07/29/2022Permit IssuedR. GunzerGeneral Wiring
06/09/2021CompleteMatros Automated Electrical—
05/05/2021CompleteMatros Automated ElectricalGeneral Wiring
06/05/2020CompleteTop Shelf Electric—
06/14/2019CompleteMatros Automated ElectricalGeneral Wiring
05/14/2019CompleteTop Shelf Electric—
01/29/2019CompleteMatros Automated ElectricalGeneral Wiring
▾Field Inspections (DOB CAP) — 5
DateTypeResultReport
05/17/2023Certified Sprinkler-SP-Fixtures-FinishCertifiedView ↗
05/08/2023Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic TestCertifiedView ↗
08/10/2022Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic TestCertifiedView ↗
05/09/2022Certified Sprinkler-SP-Fixtures-FinishCertifiedView ↗
05/03/2022Certified Sprinkler-SP-Piping Dry/Wet-Hydrostatic TestCertifiedView ↗
▾Special Inspection Requirements (DOB NOW) — 14
DateRequirementInspectorRole
08/08/2024Fire-Resistant Penetrations and JointsGEORGE ANDERSENspecial
08/08/2024Sprinkler SystemsGEORGE ANDERSENspecial
08/03/2022Fire-Resistant Penetrations and JointsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
08/03/2022Sprinkler SystemsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
06/16/2022Sprinkler SystemsGEORGE ANDERSENspecial
06/16/2022Fire-Resistant Penetrations and JointsGEORGE ANDERSENspecial
05/18/2022Fire-Resistant Penetrations and JointsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
05/18/2022Sprinkler SystemsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
03/02/2022FinalROBERT DRUCTORprogress
10/15/2021Fire-Resistant Penetrations and JointsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
07/20/2021FinalPeter Vottoprogress
07/20/2021Mechanical SystemsEUGENE BIFULCOspecial
07/20/2021FinalKATHERINE CHIAprogress
05/28/2020FinalPaul Perdekprogress
▾Tenants in the building
TenantSpaceFloorsRenovation projects
Columbia University Main CampusEducationEntire building
Project M00878309 Alteration · LOC Issued · 06/01/2023
Project M08050931 Alteration · LOC Issued · 12/08/2022
Project M00690274 Alteration · LOC Issued · 04/08/2022
Project M00690325 Alteration · LOC Issued · 04/08/2022
Project M00562012 Alteration · LOC Issued · 01/10/2022
Project M00561495 Alteration · LOC Issued · 12/22/2021
Project M00561471 Alteration · LOC Issued · 10/29/2021
Project M00522269 Alteration · LOC Issued · 05/17/2021
Project M00352570 Alteration · LOC Issued · 06/04/2020
Project M00167662 Alteration · LOC Issued · 05/24/2019
Names are taken automatically from the text of each project’s filed documents (title blocks and cover sheets) and screened to exclude owners, landlords and designers. They may be incomplete or wrong; check the filing.
▾Documents — 351 on file (BIS + DOB NOW)
▸Plans & Drawings13
▸DOB NOWPlans/Sketch11
09/03/2026M00522269-I1Request digital key ↗
09/03/2026M00561471-I1Request digital key ↗
09/03/2026M00561495-I1Request digital key ↗
Showing 3 of 11 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWPlans/Sketch - Sidewalk Shed2
09/05/2026M00167662-I1Request digital key ↗
09/04/2026M00352570-I1Request digital key ↗
▸Applications & Permits60
▸BISWORK PERMIT APPLICATION30
06/15/2020123804133Open ↗
05/29/2020140894879Open ↗
06/26/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 30 on file for this type
▸BISPLAN / WORK APPROVAL APPLICATION26
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 26 on file for this type
▸BISPLACE OF ASSEMBLY3
12/24/2018121862403Open ↗
Showing 1 of 3 on file for this type
▸BISPLAN - WORK & PERMITS - SUPPPORTING DOCUMENTATION1
07/08/2014121992139Open ↗
▸Seals & Professional Certifications91
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT: RESPONSIBILITY/CERTIFICATION40
06/06/2019123804133Open ↗
06/05/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 40 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWDPL-1: Design Professional Seal & Signature13
09/05/2026M00167662-I1Open ↗
09/03/2026M00561471-I1Open ↗
09/02/2026M00690274-P1Open ↗
Showing 3 of 13 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWSpecial Inspector Seal & Signature10
09/14/2026M00561495-I1Open ↗
09/14/2026M00561495-I1Open ↗
09/02/2026M00562012-I1Open ↗
Showing 3 of 10 on file for this type
▸BISPROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION STATEMENT9
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 9 on file for this type
▸BISPROFESSIONAL CERTIFIED CHECKLIST7
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
06/25/2015122432386Open ↗
08/22/2014122107754Open ↗
Showing 3 of 7 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWProgress Inspector Seal & Signature4
09/26/2026M00561471-I1Open ↗
09/14/2026M00561495-I1Open ↗
09/01/2026M00352570-I1Open ↗
Showing 3 of 4 on file for this type
▸BISREQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST FOR PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION3
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
Showing 2 of 3 on file for this type
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY3
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
Showing 2 of 3 on file for this type
▸BISPROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION STATEMENT FORM2
On file, but not among the 200 most recently loaded documents for this source.
Showing 0 of 2 on file for this type
▸Trade Schedules & Equipment20
▸BISSCHEDULE B - PLUMBING/SPRINKLER/STANDPIPE14
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 14 on file for this type
▸BISSCHEDULE B - PLUMBING3
On file, but not among the 200 most recently loaded documents for this source.
Showing 0 of 3 on file for this type
▸BISSELF-CERT PLUMBING NOTICE3
12/28/2015122058833Open ↗
12/28/2015122058833Open ↗
Showing 2 of 3 on file for this type
▸Safety & Tenant Protection3
▸BISTenant Protection Plan and Notes3
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
03/13/2018123359908Open ↗
04/26/2017123012293Open ↗
▸Environmental & Asbestos23
▸BISASBESTOS: CERTIFICATION (DEP ACP5)10
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
03/13/2018123359908Open ↗
Showing 3 of 10 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWDEP ACP-5: Asbestos Assessment Report5
09/03/2026M00561471-I1Open ↗
09/02/2026M00562012-I1Open ↗
08/13/2026M00561495-I1Open ↗
Showing 3 of 5 on file for this type
▸BISASBESTOS EXEMPTION CERTIFICATION LETTER4
05/13/2014121989189Open ↗
Showing 1 of 4 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWDEP ACP-20/ACP-21: Asbestos Project Conditional Completion Form/Asbestos Project Completion Form2
09/02/2026M00690274-I1Open ↗
08/13/2026M00690325-I1Open ↗
▸BISTHIS IS 'NOT AN ASBESTOS PROJECT'1
On file, but not among the 200 most recently loaded documents for this source.
Showing 0 of 1 on file for this type
▸BISDEP FORM V5 - ASBESTOS VARIANCE1
06/05/2019123804133Open ↗
▸Energy Compliance33
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT: ENERGY CODE PROGRESS INSPS18
06/06/2019123804133Open ↗
06/05/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 18 on file for this type
▸BISAS-BUILT ENERGY ANALYSIS7
09/23/2020140894879Open ↗
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
09/15/2016122058833Open ↗
Showing 3 of 7 on file for this type
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT: ENERGY CODE - RESPONSIBILITY4
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
05/29/2020140894879Open ↗
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
Showing 3 of 4 on file for this type
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENERGY CODE PROGRESS INSPECTIONS2
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
▸BISNYCECC ANALYSIS1
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
▸DOB NOWEN2: As Built Energy Analysis.1
08/13/2026M00561495-I1Open ↗
▸Inspections & Test Reports11
▸BISTECHNICAL REPORT: RESPONSIBILITY9
09/23/2020140894879Open ↗
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
Showing 3 of 9 on file for this type
▸BISHYDRAULIC FLOW CALCULATIONS2
04/23/2018123359908Open ↗
04/25/2017123012293Open ↗
▸Approvals, Objections & Sign-offs35
▸BISCERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY/LOC: REQUEST14
09/23/2020140894879Open ↗
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
12/31/2018101520249Open ↗
Showing 3 of 14 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWFee Exempt Supporting Document - DOF ACRIS report or BIB letter10
09/03/2026M00561471-I1Open ↗
09/02/2026M00690274-P1Open ↗
09/02/2026M00690274-P2Open ↗
Showing 3 of 10 on file for this type
▸BISADMINISTRATIVE OBJECTIONS6
On file, but not among the 200 most recently loaded documents for this source.
Showing 0 of 6 on file for this type
▸BISLETTERS - SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION3
04/23/2018123359908Open ↗
Showing 1 of 3 on file for this type
▸DOB NOWDEP Variance (V5) letter2
09/02/2026M00690274-I1Open ↗
08/13/2026M00690325-I1Open ↗
▸Cost, Insurance & Ownership24
▸BISCOST AFFIDAVIT23
09/23/2020140894879Open ↗
08/11/2020140843210Open ↗
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
Showing 3 of 23 on file for this type
▸BISHIC LICENSE OR AFFIDAVIT1
06/05/2019123804133Open ↗
▸Filing & Intake Forms32
▸BISEFILING COVER SHEET19
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
Showing 3 of 19 on file for this type
▸BISADDITIONAL INFORMATION5
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
05/14/2018123359908Open ↗
Showing 3 of 5 on file for this type
▸BISBOROUGH INTAKE FORM5
06/15/2020123804133Open ↗
07/19/2019123804133Open ↗
12/31/2018101520249Open ↗
Showing 3 of 5 on file for this type
▸BISEFILING JOB APPLICATION COVER SHEET3
04/23/2020140894879Open ↗
05/03/2019140843210Open ↗
Showing 2 of 3 on file for this type
▸Other Documents6
▸BISEXTERNAL FORMS - SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION6
04/29/2019123804133Open ↗
03/13/2018123359908Open ↗
03/07/2017123012293Open ↗
Showing 3 of 6 on file for this type